"Impact of Low-Emission Zones on Spatial and Economic Inequalities using a Dynamic Transport Simulator"

When a low-emission zone (LEZ) is implemented in an urban areas, all inhabitants are not impacted in the same way. To evaluate the impact of LEZs, one needs to consider many facets, including air quality, traffic congestion, mode choice and car ownership. The individual effect depends on the home location, workplace, income, usual mode and characteristics of the owned car (if any) of the individual, among other factors. We present a novel methodology to evaluate the impact of low-emission zones, using a state-of the art agent-based transport simulator. Our methodology is able to identify the impact of the LEZ at the individual level. We propose a real-world application to Paris urban area, where a LEZ is implemented since 2015.